This Issue focuses on a research article by Barange (2003) that was published in Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment. The article discusses long-term (inter-decadal and longer) patterns of change in marine species in the context of over-exploitation of marine fisheries. Barange’s emphasis is use of ecosystem-based management practice to move us towards sustainable fisheries. However, h...
This report defines ecosystem services as a strategy for the conservation of biodiversity. The production of ecosystem goods as it relates to the generation and maintenance of biodiversity is described. Ecosystem services such as flood and drought mitigation, services supplied by soil, pollination, pest control, and seed dispersal are described. Threats to ecosystem services are discussed, as...
This report addresses pollution of aquatic ecosystems that originate from multiple unidentified sources or non point sources. Non point sources of phosphorus and nitrogen are of concern as they cause eutrophication or excessive enrichment of surface waters. Effects and remediation strategies are discussed. Non point sources, such as agricultural, urban and atmospheric ones are discussed. ...
In this report, biodiversity and its relevance to the ecosystems that support humanity is discussed. Ecosystem functioning is defined as the collective activities of all biota within an ecosystem and how they affect its chemical and physical factors; therefore, it can be negatively impacted by decreases in biodiversity-the wide variety of life forms inhabiting the planet. The ecological and...
This report is an introduction to exotic species invasions. An exotic species becomes invasive, when it proliferates unchecked across the region in which it was introduced. The transformation from immigrant to invader and how humans act as dispersal agents is explained. Attributes of invaders, effects on native community, global ecological and economic consequences, prevention, and long term...